Essay on Nicomachean Ethics - 1014 Words

Through books one to three in Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle distinguishes between pain and happiness, clarifying the endless war that men face in the path of these two extremes. Man’s quest for pleasure is considered by the self-conscious and rational Aristotle; a viewpoint traditionally refuted in contemporary, secular environments. Immediately, Aristotle alleges that all actions aim for good, thus proposing that all human activity is to be of some good. These activities attempt to meet a greater end; a chief good met by subordinate desires. However, Aristotle introduces that the nature of good is presumed by convention, not nature, and are administered by politics. Governments determine which sciences and arts are studied, who studies†¦show more content†¦Therefore, Aristotle concludes that happiness is self-sufficient. It is what makes life desirable and good; the ending of the action. Further, to understand what is good, we need to understand the function of man, for good is found in the function. It cannot be life, since life is a shared trait with animals. The human good is to do excellent in one’s function, rather than just executing that function, â€Å"For the function of a lyre-player is to play the lyre, and that of a good lyre player is to do well† (371). Since excellence is displayed in function, the human good only exists when the soul is conformed to excellence. This excellence must be shown in activity rather than state, since the latter does not achieve results. Aristotle then describes a classical belief that those who are noble have a pleasant life, since all things noble are naturally pleasant. Thus, happiness is the best, noblest and most pleasant thing, aided by the existence of external pleasures. Aristotle distinguishes two kinds of excellence: intellectual and moral. Intellectual excellence is learned through teaching, building experience with time, whereas moral excellence comes from habit. He also recognizes that man is naturally premoral for moral habits do not naturally exist. We learn by constant repetition, building habits which reflect our moral extremes, good or bad. Thus, nature makes us programmable; habits which a man forms in his youth shape his character; to beShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics Of The Nicomachean Ethics1356 Words   |  6 PagesIn one of his most popular works, Nicomachean Ethics, The ancient Greek philosopher, Aristotle, debates a variety of subjects in order to obtain a better understanding of virtue and what it means to be a virtuous character. One virtue that is extensively examined by Aristotle in book VII of the Nicomachean Ethics, is friendship. He debates that friendship is complete virtue and above justice and morality in which is why it shoul d be so highly valued. His interpretation of friendship is abundantlyRead MoreThe Ethics Of Nicomachean Ethics1367 Words   |  6 Pages Olivia Schoen Dan Brown Ethics 101 8 April 2015 Nicomachean Ethics As one of the greatest philosophers of all time, Aristotle was one of the greats. He altered history and the way our world views philosophy and ethics. One of his theories of ethics that he written in the form of 10 books was Nicomachean Ethics, this theory consisted of Aristotle’s perspective on the life of man and what makes a good life for man. Personally, I think his theory of ethics is a good outline of how to be an ethicalRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Nicomachean Ethics1140 Words   |  5 PagesAristotle begins Nicomachean Ethics is with the statement â€Å"Every craft and every line of inquiry, and likewise every action and decision seems to seek some good.† (Aristotle Bk.1, Ch.1). This is a fitting way to begin, as it addresses exactly what the entire book hopes to convey. While at this point in the novel, readers remain unaware what the good that he is referring to means, it becomes clearer and clearer as it progresses why this is such an apt beginning. The Nic omachean Ethics is devoted toRead MoreEssay Nicomachean Ethics by Aristotle1464 Words   |  6 Pages An Exposition of Aristotelian Virtues In his Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle explores virtues as necessary conditions for being happy. A virtuous person is a person with a disposition toward virtuous actions and who derives pleasure from behaving virtuously. Aristotle distinguishes between two types of human virtue: virtues of thought and virtues of character. Virtues of thought are acquired through learning and include virtues like wisdom and prudence; virtues of character include bravery andRead MoreTaking a Look at Nicomachean Ethics957 Words   |  4 PagesNicomachean Ethics I chose to write about Aristotle and his beliefs about how the virtuous human being needs friends from Book VIII from Nicomachean Ethics. In this essay I will talk about the three different kinds of friendship that (Utility, Pleasure, and Goodness) that Aristotle claims exist. I will also discuss later in my paper why Aristotle believes that Goodness is the best type of friendship over Utility or Pleasure. In addition to that I will also talk about the similarities and differencesRead MoreBook Eight And Nine Of Nicomachean Ethics1698 Words   |  7 PagesBook eight and nine of Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle discusses the variations of friendships that are present in human nature. He further goes into detail on the terms and grounds on forming these friendships. I will be analyzing the different types of friendship discussed in Aristotle’s Ethics and answer the difficulties and obstacles present in trying to achieve the perfect friendship, the friendship based on goodness. The beginning of Book eight of the Nicomachean Ethics states that friendshipRead MoreAristotle s Symposium : The Nicomachean Ethics1934 Words   |  8 Pages720532457 The Symposium verses The Nicomachean Ethics Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics (Ethics) is regarded as one of the, if not the greatest work concerning ethics in history. The word ethics derives from the Greek word ethos, which translates more properly as â€Å"character†, and it would seem that Aristotle’s concern in The Ethics, is what constitutes good character, and that goodness is of practical use; that merely knowing how to be a way is only half of what’s necessary, and that the known mustRead MoreAnalysis Of Aristotle s The Nicomachean Ethics 871 Words   |  4 PagesIn order to be a person of practical wisdom one should possess good moral reasoning and good inclinations. Aristotle first introduces these concepts in his book The Nicomachean Ethics, but he does not mention a really important virtue, the virtue of forgiveness. If mastered correctly, forgiveness can lead a person to acquire additional, and equally important good habits. That is why, in order to recognize the importance of this vir tue, it is necessary to make a deep expository analysis. By definitionRead MoreEssay on The Contradictions in Aristotles Nicomachean Ethics778 Words   |  4 Pageson my list, I would put art. It allows an inner, more down-to-earth part of me to be expressed that cannot be done in words. All these things are actions and they define who I am. Without them I dont know what I would do. In Aristotles Nicomachean Ethics there is emphasis on the importance of action. From action of life, friendship, and happiness (which are voluntary actions), to action of reason (which is a rational faculty of the mind), we could not exist without action. To begin withRead MoreNicomachean Ethics Essay951 Words   |  4 PagesIn the book Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle uses his collection of lecture notes in order to establish the best way to live and acquire happiness. Aristotle says, â€Å"Virtue, then, is a state that decides consisting in a mean, the mean relative to us,.. .It is a mean between two vices, one of excess and one of deficiency.† The virtues that Aristotle speaks about in Nicomachean Ethics are: bravery, temperance, generosity, magnificence, magnanimity, and mildness. According to Aristotle, in order to live

Economy Is Defined As The Process Of An Organization

According to Sir James Steuart, the first English economist, economy can be defined as the process of providing all the wants and needs of a family in order to find the way in continuity of people. He also stated that the economy help to avoid any unstable condition and to connect all the relevant variables in the economic effectively. (Mohsen, Abdulla, Jalal, 2011) According to (Trading Economics , 2016), government budget had reduced from deficit -4.1 per cent of GDP in 2011 to deficit -2.13 per cent of GDP in 2012 .It shows US economy is in a good condition since governments manage to implement programs for the country and at the same time try to increase the GDP to reduce the budget deficit. According to (DiPietro Anoruo, 2006), Gross Domestic Products a measurement of the finished goods and services produced within a country in certain period. GDP also measured on an annual basis or per year. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) includes the government expenditure, consumer expenditure, net export and investment within a country According to (Hobijn Steindel, 2009), GDP can be known as major measurement for economy activity because its short run and long run movement are correlated with a few factors. The examples of factors that influence the level of GDP are inflation rate and income. (Landefeld, Seskin, Fraumeni, 2008), elects same position with Hobijn and Steindel. Gross Domestic Product can be as a benchmark for a country growth level. In order to measureShow MoreRelatedGlobalization Is An Increasingly Present Phenomenon, Which1007 Words   |  5 Pagescultural as well. Globalization can be defined, analysed, tackled many ways, but this essay seeks to briefly define globalization, introduce the convergence - diversity debate, and examine the different types of organizational strategic perspectives in China. 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Business Approaches to Combating Bribery †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Business Approaches to Combating Bribery. Answer: Introduction: The Commonwealth Bank Chief executive officer was the one interview in the case. He is called Ian Mark Narev and has worked in both Australia and Canada. The interview happened through internationationl telephone communication call whose contact was extracted from the online platform. It was conducted on 10th of October .2017 900hr. Mr. Ian has conducted very senior positions in the two countries as a managing director of the company. The business expanded to Canada due to an expansion in the market.Hence, the urge to set the business at a global level hence developing the business into a multi-international business(Power Rhett., 2014). The business also targeted at ensuring that many employment opportunities had been set in different countries to resolve the problem of unemployment. The director had more work experience with skills such as good communication and information technology skills. The interview further reveals that the director always stayed focused and organized on th e projects at hand in the company while working realizing success in both Australian and Canadian branch(Peter Drucker., 2006). The responsibilities that were assigned to him as a manager includes: The director carried out planning programs that helped the firm to run so that at the end of the process, success was realized. Projects that the organization had to complete within a specific timeframe were well highlighted by the director. Leaders in the regard can trace real-time problems before damage is done(Anderson Albert., 2009). Scheduling also was another responsibility Mr. Ian as the chief executive officer of the organization. In the regard, He ensured that all logistics were done appropriately and timely s which was a big boost in realizing the dreams he had for the company. Coordination of the resources was a crucial responsibility done by the CEO of the company. He ensured that employees were working accordingly, in good relations and therefore conducive environment for working. He ensured that both internal and international resources were in perfect conditions(Mettler Rohner, 2009). Meeting datelines and time management was paramount to the CEO of the organization. Through the conversation, the CEO emphasized that as a leader in both countries, meeting deadlines was primary responsibility and he ensured that realized timely(Drucker Peter., 2000). The CEO has significant experience in international operations, trade, and relations. Furthermore, the CEO has had experience for over ten years in Australia holding profound positions as the executing officer and therefore was fit for the position due to the experience he had and therefore could deliver as expected of him(Madden Bartley., 2014). Human Resource management in two countries In both countries, the labor programs are working to ensure that the welfare of employees is adhered to strictly. The CEO further revealed that as an organization, they work closely with provincial and territorial governments, unions, employer international partners together with other interested stakeholders to ensure that fairness, safety, and productive working environments are created for the employees(Zickar Highhouse, 2001). Basing on the analysis conducted by the CEO on the corporate codes of conduct in the two countries, it revealed that the two have a similar economic development and standard of living. There are only slight variations brought about by the state of living of the employees due to variation in culture and history. The two despite having a similar history of being the former colony of British; members of the commonwealth, their values, and cultures of the employees differs. The ethics are emanated from globalization, and it is due to globalization and code of ethics in the two countries which have enhanced business activities. Institutional factors brought about variation in codes of conducts of employees in the two countries hence bringing about a difference in the rate of growth(Gordon Miyake., 2001). The two countries have both strong economies. The CEO further gave a revelation that they are amongst the wealthiest nations worldwide. The factor, therefore, encouraged the business to grow rapidly and therefore market shortage was not a problem in the two countries. Studies further reveal that the two economies are characterized with the service-driven system in businesses which has encouraged the growth of the company. The company is one of the service industries in these two countries; this was a plus to both of them(James Patrick., 2008). When it comes to the customers of the business, according to the CEO, Canadas market comes from the United States of America, The United Kingdom, China, European Union, Israel, and Germany. Australia market is mainly from countries such as Japan, China, India and South Korea. In addition, the CEO revealed that the employment rate is high in both the two countries such that Canada registered a 93% while Australia has a rate of 94%. Both countries have a stable gross domestic product; the two governments subjected the company to low rates as charges hence facilitating the operation of the company. Improved infrastructure is also another factor that has facilitated the operation of the company in two countries at ease. Canada has an advantage over Australia in terms of the strategic position of the country to the USA that has facilitated cheap export of goods. Therefore CEO revealed that carrying out sales in Canada was relatively cheap as compared to Canada. Australia and Canada currently have a stable political system encouraging the operation of the business. Good leadership by the government in both cases has provided conducive environments for business activities. The two furthermore, have an effective system of government that gives multinationals with the safer business environment. The CEO further revealed that the two countries are developed, with open diverse and competitive market which to a great extent encouraged foreign business activities. Strong Political ties with other nations have boosted their political standards hence good for business activities(Robert Jackiee, 2010). In leadership perspectives, men are more empowered in Australia; they occupy the majority of positions; be it organizations or in government.In Canada, women are more empowered; conversation revealed that majority of the positions are occupied by ladies. The countries having colonized by the same colonial county which Britain, they have therefore similar form of administration together with the way charges are paid to the government is required by the organization and therefore working in the two countries in managerial position is an easy task , slight adjustments are only needed(Penrith: Deborah., 2008). The two countries utilize Westminster system of government. They, therefore, have a similar system of administration. There are further similarities and differences in terms of atmosphere well in the states which have a direct impact on the operation of businesses in such environments. For instance, in both countries, there are two larger parties which have kept on wrestling for power. These automatically have created tensions and therefore unfavorable for the operation of the business organization. Business will only operate well where political neutrality is sustained. In this case, In Canada political Wrangles have existed between Liberal and conservative parties. In Australia, Liberal and labor parties are also at war(Daly, 2003). Reflection Questions What prompted for the expansion of the company to the two countries, particularly Australia and Canada? What challenges did you encounter in moving from one area to another as a CEO? How did the employees behave in the two organization the impact it had on you as the leader of the organization, how did you change the culture of the organization to fit your objectives? When you were moved to the second organization, what differences did you see and the necessary adjustments you took? Compare the ethical standards of the employee in the two countries? Conclusions In summary, the operation of the business in both Canada and Australia as the CEO revealed in the interview show that it was a success in both. Stable environmental conditions supported by customers availability, stable political environments, good social environments and even well-experienced managers are some of the key factors that have ensured that business in the two environments is a success(Wotruba Chonko., 2001). Despite few challenges faced, it is evidenced that keen analysis of the environment and employee relations are also additional factors that ensured that business in the two countries operated accordingly. Knowledge is key in running organization despite the changes in the environment, with knowledge there is always a way out in most cases. The strictly regulatory measure is the main reasons as to why the operation of the business in two countries was achieved(Wood, 2000). References Anderson, Albert. (2009). Tracing real-time problem. New York: Collins. Daly, M. (2003). The ROUGH Guide To Australia. Melbourne: rough guided limited. Drucker, Peter. (2000). Managing Oneself. Harvard: Harvard business review. Gordon, K., Miyake. (2001). Business approaches to combating bribery.A study of codes of conducts. Journal business of ethics, 34, 161-173. James, Patrick. (2008). Canadian studies in the Millenium. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. Madden, Bartlty. (2014). Reconstructing your worldview. Vienna: Business informative conference. Mettler, T., Rohner, P. (2009). Performance Management: There laws of management. Vienna: International business information. Penrith: Deborah. (2008). Live and work in Australia. Melbourne: Crimson publishing. Peter, F., Drucker. (2006). The effective executive. New York: Collins. Power, Rhett. (2014). If you cant manage your life, you cant manage people. NewYork: Collins. Robert, C., Jackiee, D. (2010). A dictionary of Australian Politics, Allen and Unwins. Melbourne: Cows Nest. Wood, G. (2000). A CROSS-CULTURAL COMPARISON OF CONCEPT OF CODES OF ETHICS. Journal of business, 287-298. Wotruba, T., Chonko. (2001). Impact of Ethics on Code of Familiarity. Journal of business ethics, 59-69. Zickar, J., Highhouse, S. (2001). Measuring of the prestige of journals in industrial-organizational psychology. New York: Collins.

The Hungarian Edition Of Cosmopolitan Essays - Cosmopolitan

The Hungarian Edition Of Cosmopolitan TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT 3 OVERVIEW OF THE HUNGARIAN MARKET 3 BACKGROUND 4 DESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCT 4 THE CONCEPT OF THE PRODUCT 4 PROFILE OF THE TARGET CONSUMERS 5 CURRENT MARKET SITUATION 5 SWOT ANALYSIS 5 PEST ANALYSIS 6 STRUCTURE OF THE MAGAZINE 6 PRICING STRATEGY 7 PROMOTION MIX 7 ADVERTISING 7 SALES PROMOTION 8 PUBLIC RELATIONS 9 CONCLUSIONS 9 APPENDIX 10 LIST OF SOURCES 17 ABSTRACT Primarily based on an interview with Ms. Eniko Horvath, marketing manager of Cosmopolitan Hungary, this case study outlines the historical background of Cosmopolitan international editions and the peculiarities of the Hungarian version. The first issue brought about a revolution in the general approach of women's magazines in Hungary; Cosmopolitan immediately reached a leading market position that it still holds today. The paper discusses the layout and content of the magazine in an attempt to thoroughly describe this product. It illustrates some patterns of the magazine in terms of sales, number of subscribers and number of copies given out freely for promotional purposes. The pricing policy and the promotion mix adopted by Cosmopolitan as parts of its overall marketing strategy, are presented as well. We conclude that Cosmopolitan is a successful business in today's glossy magazines market in Hungary, since each upcoming issue is impatiently awaited by thousands of readers each mon th. OVERVIEW OF THE HUNGARIAN MARKET In Hungary the first magazines for women were published in the middle of the 19th Century. In the name of emancipation, Hungarian women demanded more women's magazines, fashion and beauty-care products. At that moment there were around 1,500 magazines on the market and their advertisements were mainly done through first-class fashion salons. After World War I, the so-called feminine press started to fade away and cultural magazines slowly took over. During the socialist era, a new type of magazines appeared on the Hungarian market and remained dominant for 40 years. One of them is still among the leading Hungarian magazines for women and is called Nok Lapja. After it's very first issue in 1949, it was declared to be a good, useful and essential magazine for honest, hard-working Hungarian women and remained so until the 1960's, when it also incorporated some elements of the Western culture. The economical and political changes which occurred in the past 10 years deeply affected the magazines market. The feminine press made a tremendous comeback, giving birth to newcomers and forcing old magazines to change. At present one can find more than 50 magazines dedicated to women readers. Some of them deal with so-called women issues in general, whereas some specialize in fashion, cooking, needlework and home decorating. In a market economy, magazines are like any other product, says Andrea Eszes, editor of Cosmopolitan. And products targeting women can make big profits in Hungary. If we just compare how much is spent on advertising each year in Hungary with the budget of the Ministry of Culture or that of the Ministry of National Defense, there is no wonder that this market is a primary business target for investors. The future holds fine prospects to these international glossy magazines that are published all over the world and combine some common characteristics with specific cultural elements of the host countries. But as they emerge and leave cultural magazines behind, they will bear the increasing responsibility of correcting the language usage and promoting visual culture to the public. BACKGROUND Cosmopolitan was founded in 1886 as a magazine for first-class families in the U.S. William Randolph Hearst acquired the magazine in 1905. In the middle of the century sales dropped and the management decided to change the concept of the magazine. Ever since, the Cosmopolitan concept - the magazine is for young women interested in fashion, beauty, career and sex has been alive. Helen Gurley Brown, who was appointed Editor in Chief in 1965, approached the idea of Cosmopolitan as a magazine for ambitious, career-conscious young women and even wrote a feminist best-seller. Today there are 37 international editions, making Cosmopolitan the largest selling young women's magazine in the whole world. It has an average of nearly 7 million buyers universally and more than 33 million readers per month. This gives Cosmopolitan the status of the first international first-class magazine. The Hungarian edition of Cosmopolitan was launched in November 1997, in accordance with the agreement between Hearst Corporation/VNU and