Americas Prison Population Professor Ramos Blog

Americas Prison Population The American criminal justice system holds almost 2.3 million people in 1,719 state prisons, 102 federal prisons, 1,852 juvenile correctional facilities and 3,163 local jails (Wagner and Sawyer). America is by far the leader in people incarcerated into prison systems. There are another 840,000 people on parole and a staggering 3.7 million people on probation (Wagner and Sawyer). People look to America as the land of the free, yet we have so many of our citizens incarcerated and we need to look to the possibilities of why this is. We can start by looking into the growth of juvenile crimes and the punishments behind them. â€Å"The divergence of trends of juvenile and adult violent crime in the last decade represents a potentially alarming development in the fight against crime. The rate at which juveniles were arrested for violent crime rose 79 percent between 1978 and 1993, almost three times the increase over that time period for adults (Levitt 1156).† Each state has different systems when dealing with juvenile and adult criminals but the age majority at which an individual may be tried at an adult court varies between 16 and 19 years of age. So, depending on the crime, a 16 year old teenager may be tried as an adult. â€Å"There are sharp changes in crime rates associated with the transition from the juvenile to the adult court. In the year following the attainment of the age of majority, states that punish adults particularly harshly relative to juveniles see violent crime rates fall by almost 25 p ercent and property crime 10-15 percent relative to states in which adult punishment are relatively lenient (Levitt 1181).† This brings us to another factor we must look at when talking about over population in our prison systems. Are laws being created for more severe prison sentences? â€Å"One of the most significant trends in criminal justice is the growing emphasis on imprisonment. Legislators have continuously responded to constituent fears by establishing longer sentences or mandatory minimum sentences for wide varieties of crimes and criminals. As a result, United States prison populations have increased nearly 400% in the twenty-five years from 1968 to 1993 (Marvell 696).† According to Michael Tonry the Director of the Institute of Criminology at Cambridge University, â€Å"The large majorities often express the view that sentencing is too lenient, and that people demand that criminal punishment be made tougher. On this account, elected officials have merely respected the public will, and imprisonment rates have risen as a result (420).† In other terms, we look to punish criminals s everely out of fear in the hopes that the criminal doesn’t repeat any crimes anytime soon. But maybe we’re right. Overall, 67.8% of the 404,638 state prisoners released in 2005 in 30 states were arrested within 3 years of release, and 76.6% were arrested within 5 years of release (Durose et al. 1). Over three quarters of the prisoners released in 2005 in 30 states had been re-incarcerated back into our prison systems adding on top of all the new juvenile crimes being tried as adults. The statics show within 5 years of release, 84.1% of inmates who were age 24 or younger at release were arrested, compared to 78.6% of inmates 25 to 39 and 69.2% of those age 40 or older (Durose et al. 1). Most inmates are heading right back into prison within 5 years of their release and so we need to look to factors that might impact this. â€Å"Among the 404,638 prisoners released in 30 states in 2005, 31.8% were in prison for a drug offense, 29.8% for a property offense, 25.7% for a violent offense, and 12.7% for a public order offense (Durose et al. 1).† It isn’t as simple to think all your problems will go away once you’re released from prison. You now have a criminal background which makes it much tougher to find jobs and pass background checks. It is these statistics that encourage repeat offenders such as drug dealers and thieves to go right back into their old habits. Some just looking to it as a means of survival knowing their odds of being arrested again were against them. â€Å"Drug arrests give residents of over-policed communities criminal records, which then reduce employment prospects and increase the likelihood of longer sentences for any future offenses (Wagner and Sawyer)†. It is not only you commit the crime you do the time. It is if you re-commit the crime you are now doi ng longer time. Just adding on to longer prison sentences in already over populated prison system. â€Å"More than 90 percent of prisoners are men, incarceration rates for blacks are about eight times higher than those for whites, and prison inmates average less than 12 years of completed schooling† (Petit and Western 151). Over the years research shows that prisons are filled not only with uneducated inmates but that most prisons are predominantly filled with black males. We can look at poor education in low income areas as a cause and effect and this can point towards why there is an increase in juvenile crimes. Future politicians, Police officers, Correctional officers, Parole officers, Judges, Lawyers are just some of the many these over populated prison systems impact. We keep seeing growth in prisons and less in schools. We have more criminals incarcerated than any other country in the world and we don’t even hold the world’s largest population. We need to look at crimes and their punishments and install proper sentences and infrastructures to help rehabilitate prison inmates while being incarcerated and upon release. We need to target juvenile crimes at the source and figure punishments accordingly instead of preparing juveniles for prison. We must not keep building prisons to fill the beds, America must look deeper into its prison policies and laws and develop new methods to keep its citizens out of jails and committing repeat offenses. Durose, Mathew et al. â€Å"Recidivism of Prisoners Released in 30 States in 2005: Patterns from 2005 to 2010†. Bureau of Justice Statistics. April 2014. NCJ 244205. Pp. 1-30. Levitt, Steven, â€Å"Juvenile Crime and Punishment†. The Journal of Political Economy. Vol. 106, Issue 6, December 1998. Pp 1156-1185. JSTOR. http://pricetheory.uchicago.edu/levitt/Papers/LevittJuvenileCrimePunishment1998.pdf Marvell, Thomas B. â€Å"Sentencing Guidelines and Prison Population Growth.† The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology. 1973, vol. 85, no. 3, 1995, pp. 696–709. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/1144046. Petit, Becky and Western Bruce. â€Å"Mass Imprisonment and the Life Course: Race and Class Inequality in U.S. Incarceration†. American Sociological Association. Vol. 69, No. 2 April 2004, pp. 151-169. JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/stable/3593082 Tonry, Michael. â€Å"Why Are U.S. Incarceration Rates So High?† Crime Delinquency, Vol. 45, No. 4, October 1999. Pp. 419-437. https://uakron.edu/dotAsset/1662091.pdf Wagner, Peter and Sawyer, Wendy. â€Å"Mass Incarceration: The Whole Pie 2018†. Prison Policy Initiative. March 2018. https://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/pie2018.html Eric Kazos English 010 3pm

Free Essays on Union Fight For Rights

These days, the fast food industry employs millions of people around the world. Unfortunately, many of these people are not represented by unions. Fast food workers are forced to clean restaurants on their own time and are often compensated with food, not wages. Moreover, the fast food industry reduces costs in intolerable ways. Because employees need to have their rights protected, unions must be created in the fast food industry. For years unions have been established in several manufactures, helping people and solving their problems with giant, merciless companies and corporations. In fact, union can help workers fight for the higher wages, defend them from work without getting pay for overtime, makes them feel confidence about their future and ensure them with the respect from their employers. According to Eric Schlosser’s Fast Food Nation, many of the fast food employees do not meet the criteria for overtime (73). Managers at McDonald’s and other chain restaurants cut labor cost by sending people home when business is slow, and programming them to work only as needed. Similarly, lots of the crew members are kept longer, sometimes up to late night hours whenever the restaurant is busy. Many restaurants practice working â€Å"off the clock in order to avoid paying overtime† (74). However, this statement misses the larger point: there are still people who work overtime without getting pay for it. Schlosser reports, †One employee, a high school dropout named Regina Jones, regularly worked seventy to eighty hours a week but was paid for only forty† (75). Moreover, thousands of people are in the same situation like this teenage girl. It seems clear how workers are being used by their employers. People like Jones would earn twice much money if they get paid for extra hours. This strategy save a lot of money for the owners of fast food restaurants, and extremely increases their revenues at the cost of inexperience... Free Essays on Union Fight For Rights Free Essays on Union Fight For Rights These days, the fast food industry employs millions of people around the world. Unfortunately, many of these people are not represented by unions. Fast food workers are forced to clean restaurants on their own time and are often compensated with food, not wages. Moreover, the fast food industry reduces costs in intolerable ways. Because employees need to have their rights protected, unions must be created in the fast food industry. For years unions have been established in several manufactures, helping people and solving their problems with giant, merciless companies and corporations. In fact, union can help workers fight for the higher wages, defend them from work without getting pay for overtime, makes them feel confidence about their future and ensure them with the respect from their employers. According to Eric Schlosser’s Fast Food Nation, many of the fast food employees do not meet the criteria for overtime (73). Managers at McDonald’s and other chain restaurants cut labor cost by sending people home when business is slow, and programming them to work only as needed. Similarly, lots of the crew members are kept longer, sometimes up to late night hours whenever the restaurant is busy. Many restaurants practice working â€Å"off the clock in order to avoid paying overtime† (74). However, this statement misses the larger point: there are still people who work overtime without getting pay for it. Schlosser reports, †One employee, a high school dropout named Regina Jones, regularly worked seventy to eighty hours a week but was paid for only forty† (75). Moreover, thousands of people are in the same situation like this teenage girl. It seems clear how workers are being used by their employers. People like Jones would earn twice much money if they get paid for extra hours. This strategy save a lot of money for the owners of fast food restaurants, and extremely increases their revenues at the cost of inexperience...

Critical Analysis of Technology & Ethics in Pop Culture Essay

Critical Analysis of Technology & Ethics in Pop Culture - Essay Example However, people fail to focus on the actual themes of future ethics at play in the movie, since it primarily focuses on social choices and the outcomes of an economic profit that is ethics based. District 9 is a movie that tends to go against what a viewer expects. It is the kind that plays on a viewer’s a presumption with the purpose of creating far much deeper and disturbing issues. Actually, first and most noticeable subtext in the movie is a depiction of racism, or rather in this situation speciesism. The fact that the setting of the movie was done in South Africa is an instant creation of an association with apartheid, a factor that results to some interesting thoughts concerning the capacity of humans to despise and distrust others (Dir. Blomkamp; District 9). The well-known story of the extensive humanitarian (or, this situation, non-humanitarian) aid programs to offer assistance rapidly turns into suspicions and fear once the original disaster has been turned away and the non-humans must somehow integrate into the city’s life and identity. The rigid nature of most of the cultural norms of humans quickly conflicts with the diverse behavior and values tha t the non-humans hold, with a lot of distrust and hostility being the outcome. The allegory is obvious, and has been effectively applied, but in the final section there seems to be no deeper concerns at hand. Racism is not only the primary factor that actually lies at the center of the ethical questions brought about by the movie (Dir. Blomkamp; District 9): in reality, real  contact  with human beings being technologically advanced will lead to the impossibility of them being oppressed. This context of segregation is attached to questions that surround the economics and development of new technology, and the efforts that most people will make so as to ensure that they secure either military or financial dominance over others. During the movie’s progression, the

The status of women around the world and whether it has changed over Essay - 1

The status of women around the world and whether it has changed over time - Essay Example There have been different women through the centuries who have succeeded in having adventurous lives in spite of social customs that were created to confine them to the home. Khaizuran. Al-Khayzuran was a woman who travelled extensively in an era when women were severely restricted in all aspects of social life. She was born at the height of the Abbasid Empire, in Yemen. However, she would be kidnapped by Bedouin traders who then sold her to the Abbasid court as a slave (Hansen and Curtis 253). After she began to serve in the house of the next Caliph Al-Mahdi, she became personally involved with him and married him. She would bear two future caliphs Harun Al-Rashid, and Al-Hadi. In spite of living in a society that deeply oppressed its womenfolk, Al-Khayzuran was able to acquire and wield political power after marrying the most important man in the kingdom (Spodek 57). Her relatives were even awarded positions due to her influence in court. She also deeply influenced her sons who wou ld be future rulers. Even though Al-Khayzuran wielded unusual power for a woman of her day, she only managed to do this because she was the wife of the caliph. The position of women in her society did not benefit from her ascension to power. Gudrid. In some cases, women actually made the decision to go against the grain and take power for themselves. Gudrid, who was the sister-in-law of Leif Eriksson made just such a decision. Leif Eriksson was the man who landed on the American continent five centuries before Christopher Columbus did. After reaching the New World, Leif left never to return. Gudrid, however, wanted to remain there. She attempted to settle in the land that was named ‘Vinland’. Even though women were not viewed as warriors in the same way that men were, they had some more freedoms than their sisters in the medieval era would have in the next few centuries. Viking women, like Gudrid, could own ships as well as farms (Hansen and Curtis 286). Sometimes they relocated with their husbands, just as Gudrid did, when their men went in search of new lands to conquer. However, during such campaigns, they were often left behind to tend to commercial activities as well as the lands that were left behind when their husbands left. Moreover, even in campaigns, there were many times when women were required on trips. Li Qing-Zhao. While this type of freedom cannot be compared to that enjoyed by women in the 21st century, it was still much more than that enjoyed by women in other areas in the world. For example, for Li Qing-Zhao, who lived during the Song Dynasty life was much harder. Women in the Song dynasty were confined to homes and could not hold business related or political leadership positions. In addition, they could only improve their status by bearing male children. Li Qing-Zhao was a unique woman of her time who became a poet in spite of all the restrictions that she was bound by. She also travelled to many places as a result of adversit ies such as invasions from other nations. After her husband lost his battle with Malaria, Li Qing-Zhao would spend the rest of her life wandering from place to place. When she settled in Hangzhou in 1132, her writings in

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Case Study Example Jessica presented case 7 titled ‘It’s not our fault. The case is about two couples who share four children. The family had some unexpressed conflicts and communication problems. Circular questioning, Formula first session talk, scaling and deconstruction were applied before and during the therapy. The therapy was successful and one of the two couples was further referred for couple’s counseling. The case presentation evoked many opinions in the group. Jessica, Teresa, Richard and Keri although were in favor of the therapy applied and the way the case was handled, but they had some differential views when it came to minute details of therapeutic application. Jessica would have added some object relations therapy to improve the relationship of the children with their biological mother. Keri and Teresa agreed with the therapy applied but suggested that Douglas could have been helped with some individual sessions using CBT for reducing his unreasonable and complainant behavior. Richard was of the view that Diane needed more individual therapy regarding the abuse. Matt thought that a strong communication approach would have been helpful since the communication process of whole family was faulty and inadequate. This case is about a two year old boy named Joshua who had constipation due to his parent’s antagonism. The parents, Donna and Nick both lawyers, were not happy with each other and the atmosphere of the home was always tense. After this case was presented, Teresa, Keri and Richard agreed that individual CBT given to both partners would have helped since they refused joint marital therapy sessions, therapeutic work on the personality aspects of each would have been helpful in improving the relationship in an indirect way. Jessica was in a favor of the applied systems approach fully and thought that the case would not have been handled so nicely had the therapist used another approach. Matt believed that play therapy could have

Inclusivity in Schools Study

Inclusivity in Schools Study This study focuses on my placement school to find out how inclusive it is regarding the special educational needs (SEN) students. The study puts in scope how lessons are delivered in the school and how the school meets the needs of the special educational needs students. To find answers to the enquiries, a specific case study research design was selected to provide an understanding of the numerous perspectives of the topic, involving multiple interviews with the staff of the selected school. Four members of school staff were selected for interview including The Special Needs and Disabilities Coordinator (SENDCO), one teacher and two teaching assistants. The interview questions have been based on the framework of the ten areas of inclusive education as presented at the report of National Council for Special Education (NCSE, 2010). Two students were selected in the study with similar special educational needs. One child had difficulties with spoken language and retaining information a nd the second one presented symptoms associated with dyslexia. The profile of these 2 students was mainly synthesized using information from the Child Provision Map found in the resources of the school and from my personal observations and experiences as their teacher. Diagnosis of Dyslexia Dyslexia is considered as one of the most common Special Learning Difficulties (SpLD) affecting roughly the 10% of the population, with 4% to be considered as severely disabled. Dyslexia is mainly transferred through hereditary mechanisms. A child that is considered dyslexic, might write letters in words or words in sentences, in wrong order. Also, they might be confused when they are forming sentences as they might find difficulties in spelling the words correctly. The reversal of the letters in words is considered as one of the key indications of a child with dyslexia. Although, literacy issues would be considered as one of the most common and visible indications of dyslexia, there are multiple other issues that cannot be detected easily. Some of the issues include, how mind is processing the receiving information, how they are stored, organised and recalled when necessary. In addition, dyslexic children have difficulties with time perception, processing information quickly and nav igation, as they get confused with physical (left, right) and compass directions (north, south, west, east) (British Dyslexia Association, 2016). NHS provides a similar definition for Dyslexia stating that it is a very frequent type of learning difficulty affecting skills linked to reading, writing and spelling of words (NHS, 2015). The symptoms of dyslexia vary widely amongst every case. More specifically, a person with Dyslexia might have issues with his phonological awareness, ability to memorise and process words quickly. (NHS, 2015). Thus, on the one hand, we have the medical definition provided by the NHS and on the other hand, we have a more broaden approach provided by the British Dyslexia Association (BDA), adding interesting parameters to the symptoms of Dyslexia. As it is clearly understood, one of the main issues of dyslexic people is the fact that they tend to have difficulties with processing texts whether its referring to reading or writing. However, as mentioned by BDA, the spectrum of symptoms is not limited here. It can be wider and more complicated. However, relevant literature states that it is very complicated to distinguish the symptoms of Dyslexia between poor readers and readers diagnosed as Dyslexic. The fact that both are facing the same literacy issues, leads to the conclusion that the literacy support is going to have a positive impact not only for the one group but also for the other group (Elliott Gibbs, 2009). There is evidence supporting the argument of Elliott Gibbs, proposing that D yslexia should be considered as a continuum ranging from mild to severe symptoms and it is not possible to categorise people into Dyslexic and not Dyslexic (Rose, 2009). This leads to the conclusion that interventions will have a positive impact not only for those considered as Dyslexic but also for those who are generally facing issues with literacy. Context of Research -National Context Nowadays, Dyslexia is a recognised learning difficult and is specifically mentioned in the Equality Act (HMSO, 2010). Under this Act, anyone that is characterised with such disadvantages, would be unlawful to be treated unfavourably. In addition, they should be offered adjustments and assistance whenever is needed so that they will not be disadvantaged comparing to non-disabled people (HMSO, 2010; GEO, 2010). Dyslexia is also mentioned in the SEND Code of Practice as a part of specific learning difficulties (SpLD) which influences multiple elements of knowledge (DfES, 2015). Based on the Code of Practice, schools are required to ensure that SEN students are included in the school activities along with the non-SEN students (DfES, 2015). In addition, the schools are obliged to help SEN students reach their targets and remove any obstacles that can hinder their learning via special education provision (DfES, 2015). It is evident in the Code of Practice, the willingness to place SEN children and parents at the centre of decisions. As it is being argued, local authorities are required to consider the views, wishes and feelings of the former. In addition, children and parents should always be informed and included in the decision-making process (DfES, 2015). -Schools Inclusive Policy Schools SEN policy is consistent to the SEND Code of Practice targets, ensuring that SEN students will be able to step from being dependent to be able to function independently; recognising the variety of special needs in the school and the necessity to meet their needs daily and developing the curriculum to ensure that all students are receiving enhanced and equal learning opportunities. In addition, it is the schools policy to recognise the achievements of the students which will improve their confidence and self-esteem, to encourage students be responsible for their learning and behaviour and introduce positivity amongst students. Thus, students will be focused on developing their strengths rather than their weaknesses. Finally, efforts to limit the gap between the SEN and the non-SEN students and maintain contact with parents, has always been a strict policy line (Appendix 2). OFSTED inspected the researchers placement school in 2014 (OFSTED, 2014). The report is showing that the proportion of SEN students receiving support in the school exceeds the national average. The report is showing that most of the SEN students are individuals with speech, language and communication difficulties. Even though the pastoral care for the students is outstanding, issues arise regarding the strategies followed by staff to support students make progress. Therefore, OFSTED suggests that more focus should be given in the school-based data so that suitable adjustments can accelerate their progress (OFSTED, 2014).

Obesity Outline

Outline I. Introduction a. â€Å"Fictional person’s name†, age, weight, location†¦ b. Job, hobbies, background intro information c. Family history/background info II. Obesity a. Definition- â€Å"a condition that is characterized by excessive accumulation and storage of fat in the body and that in an adult is typically indicated by a body mass index of 30 or greater (Merriam-Webster’s medical dictionary) http://www2. merriam-webster. com/cgi-bin/mwmedsamp b. BMI- Body mass Index(abbreviation) i.Definition- Merriam-Webster’s medical dictionary defines Body mass index as â€Å"a measure of body fat that is the ratio of the weight of the body in kilograms to the square of its height in meters (Merriam-Webster’s medical dictionary). http://www2. merriam-webster. com/cgi-bin/mwmedsamp c. Causes of obesity i. Taking in more calories than burning- â€Å"A lack of energy balance most often causes overweight and obesity. Energy balance means that you r energy IN equals your energy OUT† (National heart lung and blood institute). http://www. hlbi. nih. gov/health/dci/Diseases/obe/obe_causes. html ii. Lack of physical activity iii. Bad eating habits iv. Eating for comfort, binge eating III. Environmental factors a. Access or lack of access to sidewalks and pathways for walking in neighborhood. b. Busy work schedule c. Convenience of fast food d. Restaurant food size portions e. Access to stores that offer fruits and vegetables f. TV commercials that advertise fast food, snacks that are high in fat IV. Family/inherited genes a. Genes b. Adopting habits of parents i.Parents are overweight; child tends to adopt eating and physical activity habits. V. Health factors a. Hormone problems may cause obesity i. Hypothyroidism 1. Define: â€Å"Hypothyroidism is a condition characterized by abnormally low thyroid hormone production. There are many disorders that result in hypothyroidism. These disorders may directly or indirectly invol ve the thyroid gland. Because thyroid hormone affects growth, development, and many cellular processes, inadequate thyroid hormone has widespread consequences for the body (Medicine. et). http://www. medicinenet. com/hypothyroidism/article. htm 2. â€Å"Cushing's syndrome is a condition in which the body's adrenal glands make too much of the hormone cortisol. Cushing's syndrome also can develop if a person takes high doses of certain medicines, such as prednisone, for long periods IV. Other factors†¦ a. Age- muscle loss can slow the rate of calorie burning b. Medications c. Emotional eating d. Smoking- when people quiet food tastes and smells better VI.Health problems a. Coronary heart disease i. Definition b. High blood pressure c. Stroke d. Sleep apnea e. Gallstones VII. Solutions a. Exercise b. Healthy eating choices c. Portion control d. Support groups- A support group is formed by people who are dealing with common issues and â€Å"meet on an ongoing basis to cope with s tress, give each other suggestions, provide encouragement, convey information, and furnish emotional support(Barker, 2003) (Kirst-Ashman, K. , 2011, p 116). â€Å"

Promotion Mix Essay

1. Introduction Promotion is the marketing term used to describe all marketing communications activities. Integration of all the elements of promotion mix is necessary to meet the information requirements of all target customers. This simply means that the promotion mix is not designed to satisfy only the prospective buyer or only the regular buyer. Some elements of the mix may be aimed at the target customer who is unaware of the product, while others may be aimed at potential customers who are fully aware of the product and are likely to purchase it. All the elements of the mix played their roles in bringing about the sale. The elements of the promotion mix must be coordinated and integrated so that they reinforce and complement each other to create a blend that helps in achieving the promotional objectives of the organization. 1.2 Elements of promotional mix Personal Selling Sales Promotion Public Relation †¢ Trade Fairs and Exhibitions Advertising Sponsorship Online Promotions 1.3 Factors influencing promotion mix †¢ The funds available for the activity Irrespective of what the right proportions of a promotion exercise are, it is the funds available that are really crucial in determining the final  promotional mix. It is only a business with the requisite financial resources that can begin and see a promotional effort through. †¢ The nature of the market The first market factor is the position of a product in its life cycle. The creation of primary demand, hitherto nonexistent, is the primary task during the introductory stage; therefore, a high level of promotion effort is needed to explain a new product to potential customers. †¢ The nature of the product In determining the promotional mix the nature of the product being offered must be assessed given that creating awareness say for a consumer product is quite a different kettle of fish compared to what’s required for an industrial product. †¢ The product’s lifecycle stage Determining the promotional mix accurately also calls for an assessment of the four lifecycles that a product goes through. At introduction a product must be presented to the customers and thus creating awareness is the biggest concern. Personal selling and public relations are very applicable. At the growth stage there is already some awareness so advertising is applicable in strengthening the brand name. At maturity advertising remains applicable in fending off the competition. Finally, during sales decline a business will want to substantially cut down on promotional efforts. 1.4 Basic objectives of promotion †¢ To present information to consumers as well as others. †¢ To increase demand. †¢ To differentiate a product 1.5 Role of Promotion †¢ To communicate with individuals, groups or organizations directly or indirectly. †¢ Facilitate exchanges by informing and persuading one or more audiences  to accept an organization’s products. †¢ Communicate with their customers. †¢ Design communication to your specific target audience. 1.6 Scope of the study The present study is an attempt to analyze the existing promotional mix and its effectiveness in organizational growth and development. 1.7 Objective of the study âž ¢ To identify the promotion tools used in Elite super market âž ¢ To measure the influence of promotion mix âž ¢ To asses the responses of the consumers towards the promotional strategies âž ¢ To suggest measures for promoting sales âž ¢ To identify the consumer preference âž ¢ To help in developing promotional plans of the company 1.8 Research methodology 1.8.1 Sources of data Primary data: It was collected through consumer survey and personal interview. The sample size was 50 customers. Secondary data It was collected through books, journals, organizational manuals, magazines, documents and internet. Analytical tools †¢ Tables †¢ Charts †¢ Graphs 1.9 Limitations of the study âž ¢ There can be reporting bias on the part of respondents âž ¢ The sample selection is restricted to 50 consumers due to time constraints âž ¢ Financial constraints effect the reliability of the study âž ¢ Being a student work, the project also helds the inherent limitations of lack of expertise âž ¢ The study is restricted to elite super market and findings cannot be generalized Scheme of the Study The findings of the study are chapterized into 7 chapters. The first chapter consists of the introduction regarding the topic, scope, objectives, research methodology and limitations of the study. The second chapter includes the review of literature. Third chapter consists of the industry profile. The fourth chapter is the company or organizational profile. Fifth  chapter is presentation and analysis of data. The sixth chapter consists of the findings and interpretation and the last chapter is the conclusion. In addition to this, bibliography is annexed. The appendix portion covers the secondary data formats, structured interview schedule, etc.

Arab Culture essays

Arab Culture essays The Arab world straddles two continents, Asia and Africa, and its long coastline gives it access to critical waterways. The region offers a variety of climatic conditions from dry to seasonal rainfalls in Morocco, Tunisia and the mountains of Lebanon. Agriculture is a very important activity in the Arab world. The most import products are wheat, dates, rice, and olive oil, which are main ingredients in the Arab cuisine. Although there are differences between the Arab people from Morocco to the Persian Gulf, Arab people enjoy a common bond of history, culture and tradition. It was in the Arab world where people first developed the system of writing; scientific advances were also developed. Rich cultures like Ancient Egypt, Assyria and Babylonia began in this region. The Arab culture has had many influences but Islam has shaped the culture like no other. The message of Islam appeared for the first time in the Arabian Peninsula in the early seventh century, and soon the faith expanded across North Africa, the entire Middle East and extended to the borders of China. A new and dynamic civilization was founded. In fact, while most of Europe was in the dark ages, the Arab/Islamic civilization was at its most glorious moment, making significant contributions to science, arts and the humanities that are still very alive in the world. Today, most of the ancient cities, such as Marrakech and Baghdad with its great flavors and customs, still exist and modern cities have been developed beside them. Unfortunately, they carry with them the common problem! of modernization like overpopulation and pollution. The Middle East is an area of international concern for several reasons: strategic location, oil resources, and the recurring political instability. It is also the birthplace of three great religions: Christianity, Judaism, and Islam. The region is composed of fifteen nations and four major languages: Arabic, Hebrew, Turkish and...

Statue Liberty Essays

Statue Liberty Essays Statue Liberty Paper Statue Liberty Paper Essay Topic: On Liberty INTRO: There are a lot of Historical Monuments in the United States, like the white house and the Washington monument but there is one that caught my eye. The statue of liberty in New York is an iconic figure that symbolizes the importance of freedom in America and plays a significant role in the history of the United States. SYMBOLISM: The statue is truly the enduring symbol of America and in many ways one of the important, symbols of the world. The Statue represents Liberty, the triumph for democratic society over tyranny and corruption, and because of its location in New York’s harbour it represents the hopes and dreams of anyone from anywhere who wants to come to America in search of a better life. The crown that she wears on her head has seven points. Those represent the seven seas and the seven continents of the world. The broken chains at her feet symbolize freedom from oppression, while the tablet she holds in her left hand is inscribed with July 4, 1776, the date the Declaration of Independence was signed. The torch is a symbol of enlightenment and lights the way to freedom showing us the path to liberty HISTORY OF HOW IT WAS BUILT: The Statue of Liberty was designed by sculptor Frederic-Auguste Bartholdi. It was first built in Paris and later reassembled in New York Harbor. The Statue of Liberty was a gift from the people of France to mark the Declaration of Independence and the alliance formed between the two countries during the American Revolutionary War. Once the statue delivered, it took four months to put it together, and was completed on October 28, 1886. The statue is made of copper and is now green in color because of oxidation (a chemical reaction between metal and water) from evaporation of the seawater surrounding it. The statue is 151 feet tall and rises above a pedestal. In total, the top of the torch rises 305 feet (93 m) above the ground. The torch is visible at night from any direction. Several different lighting schemes were used in the past. Currently, 16 large floodlights provide light. The torch is visible about 24 miles out to sea in clear conditions. In fact, the Statue of Liberty once served, in addition to its role as a national icon, as a functioning lighthouse. It was not considered very useful, however, and that role evaporated in 1902 ITS ROLE IN MODERN SOCIETY: The statue of liberty in New York is one of the most popular statues in the world and has a significant role in modern society. It is one of the most precious monuments in the United States and is also a great tourist attraction. As a part of security measures, tourists are not allowed to access the crown and torch of the statue. According to the National Park Services, until the Black Tom explosion, which occurred on July 30, 1916, the torch was accessible to tourists. The black tom explosion is act of sabotage on American ammunition supplies by German agents to prevent the materiel from being used by the Allies in World War 1. There are two guided tours provided around the island. One is a gentler informational tour that doesn’t require much exertion. It lasts for about 30 to 60 minutes. The second tour is a tour which allows you a view from a 10 storey high observatory. Though requires considerable amount of energy, it gives lifelong memory. You can only take a ferry to reach the Statue of Liberty, thus emphasing the importance of the statue of liberty.

Answer the question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Answer the question - Essay Example With this, it becomes paramount to understand peoples’ emotion in a social context. The emotional and social intelligence consists of four quadrants. These are self-management, Self-awareness, relationship and social awareness management. A framework of self-management enables leaders or individuals to use their beliefs, knowledge, abilities, and skills to facilitate health-related outcomes. This aspect is crucial because it enables leaders to managers others effectively as they understand their interests in areas of professionalism. Self-awareness is the recognition of one’s personality, which includes weaknesses, strengths, beliefs, motivation, emotions, thoughts, and opportunities. Self-awareness is importance because it enables people to understand other people, their attitude, and responses at a given place or time. Through self-awareness, one is able to see where his emotions and thoughts are directing to. It enables people to control their own emotions, personali ty, and behaviour as they work hard toward facilitating growth in any set-up. Relationship and social awareness management enables leaders to understand their own feelings, concerns, and needs. ... Still, one may lack a clear understand of his behaviour patterns, thoughts, and personality thus not facilitating into success. In my opinion, social and emotional intelligence is important for managers to understand. This is because it creates a strong ground to understand one’s thoughts and how others perceive things. HR managers and leaders should also pay attention to it to foster excellent leadership at their assigned duties (Seltzer 20). By utilizing social and emotional intelligence, one understands people’s behaviour, their personality, behaviour patterns, and what they can do best. For many years, social and emotional intelligence has been considered as the most critical and important factor of determining how successful an employee or individual can be in work or life. The intelligence quotient account helps managers to understand what accounts for an individual’s success at work or in life. It creates a strong ground to understand what an employee can do best. As a result, this fosters success in that it allows competitive employees to perform their assigned duties effectively and successfully. Of the 26 competencies of the social and emotional intelligence, I believe I have the greatest strengths in achievement drive, integrity, and empathy. In all assigned duties, I strive to meet the standards of excellence, and this motivates me to work hard. I have a strong achievement drive to be the best in all I do, and strives to enhance growth, success, and change in all I do. At the work place, I maintain high standards of truthfulness, sincerity, honesty, and ethics. I am optimistic in all I do and persist in achieving my set goals and objectives regardless of setbacks and obstacles. Lastly, I have

Does Religion Stabilize Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Does Religion Stabilize Society - Essay Example However, the issue still remains controversial as religion is not same for all the countries and its role is different in different parts of the world. Unfortunately, there are the societies, which do not benefit from their religious beliefs, but they on the contrary delay their development. Thus, the given paper will prove that religion really can stabilize society, but only if the society stabilizes its religious beliefs.Religion controls our behavior and this is the most important role of it. If to analyze the laws, which exist in the modern society, it will become clear that they are based on the religious beliefs transferred to us by our ancestors. For example, in European countries murder is considered to be the hardest violence and the first and most important commandment is â€Å"do not murder†. In his article â€Å"The advancement of religion in a pluralist society (Part I): distinguishing religion from giving to ‘charity’ Donovan Waters (2011) states: à ¢â‚¬Å"religion as the law sees it is concerned with belief of some kind in the power and influence of the supernatural; a set of such beliefs will make up a faith and that faith relates humanity and the individual’s destiny to a conceived spiritual essence which in one way or another is understood to bring succour to human kind† (Waters, 2011: 653).... But for the religion our society would be quite different. We can’t know exactly if the life in this society would be worse or better, but it would differ much from the life we have now. We know that well and thus maintain religion. We feel that we can’t do without it. According to Emile Durkheim, religion is a product of the society as the society recognizes its essentiality: â€Å"If religion has given birth to all that is essential in society, it is because the idea of society is the soul of religion† (cited in Bellah, 1973: 191). Religion, self-reliance and cooperation Religion teaches self-reliance. We can find many religious teachings, which teach us to rely upon ourselves in order to be successful. Religion teaches us to work hard and get the desirable, we all know the rule: keep looking for and you will find. This rule was brought to us by religious teachings and its veracity was proved many times. Religion states that we should never give up, on the cont rary we should look for the new ways to get the desirable and believe in our own forces. Religion teaches us to rely upon ourselves but at the same time it teaches us to work together. The problem is that we are selfish by nature. We feel that we can get better results working as a one team but at the same time we always try to benefit from our selfishness. Religion helps us resolve this problem by teaching us to provide each other with necessary assistance. It condemns selfishness and selfish behavior. It is necessary we should mention that modern society and the views of capitalism make people more selfish. Now many prefer to get advantage of others and benefit from the failure of others. However, such behavior is still highly criticized and this is due to the religious